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<title>X BitMap</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">X BitMap</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding-bottom: 0.15em;">X BitMap</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="infobox-caption">A sample XBM file</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extension</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">

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<code>.xbm</code></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><div class="monospaced">

image/x-xbitmap, image/x-xbm<sup id="cite_ref-iana_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iana-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="Uniform_Type_Identifier" title="Uniform Type Identifier">Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">public.xbitmap-image<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="Image_file_formats" class="mw-redirect" title="Image file formats">Image file formats</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C (programming language)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="X_PixMap" title="X PixMap">X PixMap (XPM)</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>In <a href="Computer_graphics" title="Computer graphics">computer graphics</a>, the <a href="X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> used <b>X BitMap</b> (<b>XBM</b>), a <a href="Plain_text" title="Plain text">plain text</a> <a href="Binary_image" title="Binary image">binary</a> <a href="Image_file_format" title="Image file format">image format</a>, for storing <a href="Cursor_(computers)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cursor (computers)">cursor</a> and <a href="Computer_icon" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer icon">icon</a> <a href="Bitmap" title="Bitmap">bitmaps</a> used in the X <a href="Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The XBM format is superseded by <a href="X_PixMap" title="X PixMap">XPM</a>, which first appeared for <a href="X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X11</a> in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Format">Format</h2></div>

<p>XBM files differ markedly from most image files in that they take the form of <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a> source files. This means that they can be compiled directly into an application without any preprocessing steps, but it also makes them far larger than their raw pixel data. The image data is encoded as a comma-separated list of byte values, each written in the C hexadecimal notation, '0x13' for example, so that multiple ASCII characters are used to express a single byte of image information.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>XBM data consists of a series of static unsigned char <a href="Array_data_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Array data structure">arrays</a> containing the monochrome <a href="Pixel" title="Pixel">pixel</a> data. When the format was in common use, an XBM typically appeared in <a href="Header_(computing)" title="Header (computing)">headers</a> (.h files) which featured one array per image stored in the header. The following piece of C code exemplifies the XBM file <i>Blarg</i> displayed in the panel at right:

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<div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-c mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span class="cp">#define test_width 16</span>

<span class="cp">#define test_height 7</span>

<span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">unsigned</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">test_bits</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>

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<p>In place of the usual image-file-format header, XBM files has two or four #define statements. The first two #defines specify the height and width of the bitmap in pixels. The second two, if any, specify the position of any hotspot within the bitmap. (In the case of bitmapped cursors, the "hotspot" refers to the position of the cursor "point", generally at 0,0.)

</p><p>XBM image data consists of a line of pixel values stored in a static array. Because a single <a href="Bit" title="Bit">bit</a> represents each pixel (0 for white or 1 for black), <b>each byte</b> in the array contains the information for <b>eight pixels</b>, with the upper left pixel in the bitmap represented by the low bit of the first byte in the array. If the image width does not match a multiple of 8, the extra bits in the last byte of each row are ignored.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Support">Support</h2></div>

<p>Some <a href="Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browsers</a> support displaying XBM images as a holdover from the early days of the <a href="World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>, when XBM was the minimal non-proprietary image file format. The <a href="Arena_(web_browser)" title="Arena (web browser)">Arena</a> web browser had full support since version 0.3.34 (25 July 1997).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> XBM support was removed from <a href="Internet_Explorer_6" title="Internet Explorer 6">Internet Explorer 6</a>, <a href="Mozilla_Firefox_3.6" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla Firefox 3.6">Mozilla Firefox 3.6</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a>-based browsers.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a strong indication that <a href="Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a> (and therefore, also, <a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a>) does not support XBM.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Documentation for <a href="Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</a> 2.12 and 6.0 indicates that XBM was at least previously supported.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Some image viewers/converters, e.g., <a href="XnView" title="XnView">XnView</a>, <a href="FFmpeg" title="FFmpeg">FFmpeg</a> and <a href="IrfanView" title="IrfanView">IrfanView</a>, support XBM.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 48×48 XBM can be converted to <i>Ikon</i> and eventually <a href="X-Face" title="X-Face">X-Face</a> with <a href="Netpbm" title="Netpbm">Netpbm</a> tools.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Despite having been superseded by the <a href="X_PixMap" title="X PixMap">XPM</a> format, XBM is still used by some modern but lightweight <a href="Window_manager" title="Window manager">window managers</a> like <a href="Openbox" title="Openbox">Openbox</a> to define simple button images in a window's title bar, such as the iconify/minimize, restore, and maximize buttons.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> XBM is also used in embedded processing (microControllers) to display Icons used in GUIs.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="ImageMagick" title="ImageMagick">ImageMagick</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> supports converting images both to and from XBM. <a href="GIMP" title="GIMP">GIMP</a> may be used to create or modify images using the XBM format, and also supports converting images to and from the XBM format.

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<ul><li><a href="X_PixMap" title="X PixMap">X PixMap (XPM)</a></li>

<li><a href="Netpbm_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Netpbm format">Portable Bit Map (PBM)</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-iana-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-iana_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">.xbm <a href="MIME" title="MIME">MIME</a> type not <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml#image">registered</a> at <a href="Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">IANA</a></span>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Miscellaneous/Reference/UTIRef/Articles/System-DeclaredUniformTypeIdentifiers.html">"System-Declared Uniform Type Identifiers"</a>. <i>Uniform Type Identifiers Reference</i>. <a href="Apple_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Inc">Apple Inc</a>.</cite></span>

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</ol></div></div>

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</style><div id="Graphics_file_formats441" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Image_file_format" title="Image file format">Graphics file formats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">Raster</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="BSAVE" title="BSAVE">BSAVE</a></li>

<li><a href="PICtor_PIC_image_format" title="PICtor PIC image format">PICtor</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Logluv_TIFF" title="Logluv TIFF">Logluv TIFF</a></li></ul></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Raw_image_format" title="Raw image format">Raw</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">Vector</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Gerber_format" title="Gerber format">Gerber</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Image_file_format#Compound_formats" title="Image file format">Compound</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="MODCA" title="MODCA">MODCA</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">Metadata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Exchangeable image file format (<a href="Exif" title="Exif">Exif</a>)</li>

<li><a href="International_Press_Telecommunications_Council#Photo_metadata" title="International Press Telecommunications Council">International Press Telecommunications Council § Photo metadata</a></li>

<li><a href="Extensible_Metadata_Platform" title="Extensible Metadata Platform">Extensible Metadata Platform</a> (XMP)</li>

<li><a href="GIF#Metadata" title="GIF">GIF § Metadata</a></li>

<li><a href="Steganography" title="Steganography">Steganography</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <a href="Comparison_of_graphics_file_formats" title="Comparison of graphics file formats">Comparison</a></b> • <b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-21" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=X_BitMap&oldid=1301683140">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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